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Academic Journal
Management

“Am I Expected to Be Ethical? A Role-Definition Perspective of Ethical Leadership and Unethical Behavior”

Prior studies have demonstrated that leaders’ ethical behaviors have an impact on followers’ unethical behaviors and yet the explanatory mechanisms in this relationship have not been fully explored. To further explicate the relationship between ethical leadership and unethical employee behavior, we adopted a role-based perspective and introduced the concept of perceived ethical role breadth. That is, we explored the impact that leaders’ actions and voice behaviors have on in-role versus extra-role perceptions of employees as they relate to ethical behavior and the impact, in turn, on unethical behavior. In a field study involving 394 employees and 68 supervisors and a randomized experiment conducted with 121 working professionals we find that, as predicted, leaders’ behaviors and voice have a significant influence on perceived ethical role breadth and that these role breadth perceptions impact unethical behavior. Based on our empirical findings, we describe the implications, limitations, and future directions relevant to this study.
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Academic Journal
Management

“An Assessment of the Magnitude of Effect Sizes: Evidence from 30 Years of Meta-Analysis in Management”

This study compiles information from more than 250 meta-analyses conducted over the past 30 years to assess the magnitude of reported effect sizes in the OB/HR literatures. Our analysis revealed an average uncorrected effect of r = .227 and an average corrected effect of ρ = .278 (SDρ = .140). Based upon the distribution of effect sizes we report, Cohen’s effect size benchmarks are not appropriate for use in OB/HR research as they over-estimate the actual breakpoints between small, medium, and large effects. We also assessed the average statistical power reported in meta-analytic conclusions and found substantial evidence that the majority of primary studies in the management literature are statistically underpowered. Finally, we investigated the impact of the file drawer problem in meta-analyses and our findings indicate that the file drawer problem is not a significant concern for meta-analysts. We conclude by discussing various implications of this study for OB/HR researchers.
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