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Academic Journal
Management

“A contingency approach to designing project organizations: theory and tools”

Many firms have increasingly come to rely on projects as a fundamental approach to organizing work. Yet understanding the best way to organize projects is a challenge, given the various contingencies that impact project success. We focus here on three contingency-based project organization design tools (the design structure matrix, OrgCon™ and SimVision™) that help to manage project complexity and ensure project success by identifying misfits or misalignments between organizational elements. We discuss the application of these models to a large National Aeronautics and Space Administration project as an example. We conclude with a consideration of how the existing tools are useful, and where they fall short.
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Academic Journal
Management
Academic Journal
Supply Chain

“A Data-Analytic Method for Forecasting Next Record Catastrophe Loss”

We develop in this article a data-analytic method to forecast the severity of next record insured loss to property caused by natural catastrophic events. The method requires and employs the knowledge of an expert and accounts for uncertainty in parameter estimation. Both considerations are essential for the task at hand because the available data are typically scarce in extreme value analysis. In addition, we consider three-parameter Gamma priors for the parameter in the model and thus provide simple analytical solutions to several key elements of interest, such as the predictive moments of record value. As a result, the model enables practitioners to gain insights into the behavior of such predictive moments without concerning themselves with the computational issues that are often associated with a complex Bayesian analysis. A data set consisting of catastrophe losses occurring in the United States between 1990 and 1999 is analyzed, and the forecasts of next record loss are made under various prior assumptions. We demonstrate that the proposed method provides more reliable and theoretically sound forecasts, whereas the conditional mean approach, which does not account for either prior information or uncertainty in parameter estimation, may provide inadmissible forecasts.
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Academic Journal
Management

“A framework of organisations as dynamic structures”

This paper integrates advances in organisational structure research into a broader framework of 'structural action' that depicts organisations as dynamic structures. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the main contributions from various theories and perspectives that have all informed our understanding of the impact of organisational structure on strategic change. We propose that organisational structures, as one mechanism by which strategy is enacted, are moulded purposefully and in different ways. To better understand how organisations are re-designed, the framework recommends particular structural actions depending on the turbulence (both internal and external) and performance (both actual and aspired) aspects of the organisation.
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Academic Journal
BIS

“A GRASP Heuristic for Solving an Extended Capacitated Concentrator Location Problem”

Local Access Networks (LACNs) are often considered the "last mile" over the Internet provided that they are connected to some existing Wide Area Network backbone. In this paper, a revised LACN-WAN interconnection model is presented as an extension to the conventional Capacitated Concentrator Location Problem (CCLP). An efficient heuristic is also developed to seek near-optimal deployment of telecommunication devices (e.g. links, concentrators, etc.) while minimizing the total connection costs for the network interconnection. Our solution algorithm could serve as a decision-making tool in solving problems with a real world size (i.e. 120 nodes and 30 concentrators).
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